1. Separate receiving from sending
MX records identify receiving servers. SPF and DKIM help authenticate sending; DMARC relates an authenticated identity to the visible From domain. A website contact form, billing system and newsletter service may each need their own sending configuration. Avoid replacing working MX records with a sender's unrelated instructions.
2. Publish one SPF policy
Compare your sending providers' instructions with SPF Checker. Merge authorized senders into one policy rather than publishing competing v=spf1 records. DNS-lookup mechanisms, including nested terms, are limited to at most ten. Preserve the previous record before replacing it.
3. Use each provider's DKIM selector
Publish the exact CNAME or TXT record the sending service supplies. Find the selector in its control panel or the s= value of a real message's DKIM-Signature, then use DKIM Checker. A key in DNS does not prove that a message was signed or verified.
4. Monitor before tightening policy
Use DMARC Generator with p=none and a report destination you can review. Confirm legitimate SPF/DKIM identities align with From. RFC 9989 removed percentage rollout with pct; its t=y testing signal has compatibility limits with older receivers. Do not rely on it to protect a newly configured sender from rejection.
Confirm actual messages
Run Email DNS checks, then send new test messages through each real service to accounts you control. Inspect received headers using Email Header Analyzer. Publication, authentication, acceptance and inbox placement are different outcomes.
Sources
Reviewed by NosHost on 26 October 2026. Gmail sender requirements · SPF · DMARC.